Ali thus at thirteen years of age was free to indulge in the impetuosity of his character.

From his early youth he had manifested a mettle and activity rare in young Turks, haughty by nature and self-restrained by education.

Scarcely out of the nursery, he spent his time in climbing mountains, wandering through forests, scaling precipices, rolling in snow, inhaling the wind, defying the tempests, breathing out his nervous energy through every pore.

Possibly he learnt in the midst of every kind of danger to brave everything and subdue everything; possibly in sympathy with the majesty of nature, he felt aroused in him a need of personal grandeur which nothing could satiate.

In vain his father sought to calm his savage temper, and restrain his vagabond spirit; nothing was of any use.