413, 419 (1818) .-- Ibid., 532, 665 (April 15, 1846.) The Tontine Association replaced by a limited association (40 years) with a capital of 500,000 francs in 1000 shares of 500 francs each, etc.] [Footnote 6340: For example, "Monge," the "Ecole Alsacienne," the "Ecole libre des Sciences Politiques." Competent jurists recommend the founders of a private school to organize it under the form of a commercial association, with profit for its aim and not the public good.

If the founders of the school wish to maintain the free management of it they must avoid declaring it "of public utility."] [Footnote 6341: The "Ecole Alsacienne" has been supported for some years mainly by a subsidy of 40,000 francs allotted by the State.

This year the State furnishes, "Monge" and "Sainte-Barbe" with subsidies of 130,000 and 150,000 francs, without which they would become bankrupt and close their doors.

The State probably thus supports them so as to have a field of pedagogic experiences alongside of its lycees, or to prevent their being bought by some Catholic corporation.] [Footnote 6342: Even when the masters are conciliatory or reserved the two institutions face each other and the pupils are aware of the antagonism; hence, they turn a cold shoulder to the pupils, education and ideas of the rival institution.

In 1852, and on four circular journeys from 1863 to 1866, I was able to observe these sentiments which are now very manifest.] [Footnote 6343: The period of the annual school examinations in France .-- Tr.] [Footnote 6344: This word means something more than an ordinary "boarding-school," as the reader will see by the text, and is therefore retained as untranslatable .-- Tr.] [Footnote 6345: Expositione universelle of 1889, "Rapport du jury," group II., 1st part, P.492 .-- Documents collected in the bureaus of public instruction for 1887.