The Girondins furnish both.

Through a striking coincidence, one which shows that the plan was concerted,[2384] they start three political engines at the same time.

Just at the moment when, through their deliberate saber-rattling, they made war inevitable, they invented popular insignia and armed the poor.

At the end of January, 1792, almost during one week, they announced their ultimatum to Austria using a fixed deadline, they adopted the red woolen cap and began the manufacture of pikes .-- It is evident that pikes are of no use in the open field against cannon and a regular army; accordingly the are intended for use in the interior and in towns.

Let the national-guard who can pay for his uniform, and the active citizen whose three francs of direct tax gives him a privilege, own their guns; the stevedore, the market-porter, the lodger, the passive citizen, whose poverty excludes them from voting must have their pikes, and, in these insurrectionary times, a ballot is not worth a good pike wielded by brawny arms .-- The magistrate in his robes may issue any summons he pleases, but it will be rammed down his throat, and, lest he should be in doubt of this he is made to know it beforehand.