The dues for redemption or relief are equivalent to one year's income, aid that he receives from collateral heirs, and often from direct heirs.

Finally, a rarer due, but the most burdensome of all, is that of acapte ou de plaid-a-merci, which is a double rent, or a year's yield of fruits, payable as well on the death of the seignior as on that of the copyholder.

These are veritable taxes, on land, on movables, personal, for licenses, for traffic, for mutations, for successions, established formerly on the condition of performing a public service which he is no longer obliged to perform.
Other dues are also ancient taxes, but he still performs the service for which they are a quittance.

The king, in fact, suppresses many of the tolls, twelve hundred in 1724, and the suppression is kept up.

A good many still remain to the profit of the seignior,--on bridges, on highways, on fords, on boats ascending or descending, several being very lucrative, one of them producing 90,000 livres[1225].