35 Derived from Java ....

47 Derived from Australia...

48 We have here a wonderful agreement in the number of birds belonging to Australian and Javanese groups, but they are divided in exactly a reverse manner, three-fourths of the Javan birds being identical species and one-fourth representatives, while only one-fourth of the Australian forms are identical and three-fourths representatives.

This is the most important fact which we can elicit from a study of the birds of these islands, since it gives us a very complete clue to much of their past history.
Change of species is a slow process--on that we are all agreed, though we may differ about how it has taken place.

The fact that the Australian species in these islands have mostly changed, while the Javan species have almost all remained unchanged, would therefore indicate that the district was first peopled from Australia.