Some such changes as have been here indicated, enable us to understand how it happens, that though the birds of this group are on the whole almost as much Indian as Australian, yet the species which are peculiar to the group are mostly Australian in character; and also why such a large number of common Indian forms which extend through Java to Bali, should not have transmitted a single representative to the island further east.
The Mammalia of Timor as well as those of the other islands of the group are exceedingly scanty, with the exception of bats.

These last are tolerably abundant, and no doubt many more remain to be discovered.

Out of fifteen species known from Timor, nine are found also in Java, or the islands west of it; three are Moluccan species, most of which are also found in Australia, and the rest are peculiar to Timor.
The land mammals are only seven in number, as follows: 1.

The common monkey, Macacus cynomolgus, which is found in all the Indo-Malayan islands, and has spread from Java through Bali and Lombock to Timor.
This species is very frequent on the banks of rivers, and may have been conveyed from island to island on trees carried down by floods.

2.
Paradoxurus fasciatus; a civet cat, very common over a large part of the Archipelago.3.Felis megalotis; a tiger cat, said to be peculiar to Timor, where it exists only in the interior, and is very rare.