Among the first questions asked by Sebituane of Mr.Oswell and Dr.Livingstone, in 1851, was, "Have you any smoke soundings in your country," and "what causes the smoke to rise for ever so high out of water ?" In that year its fame was heard 200 miles off, and it was approached within two days; but it was seen by no European till 1855, when Dr.Livingstone visited it on his way to the East Coast.

Being then accompanied as far as this Fall by Sekeletu and 200 followers, his stay was necessarily short; and the two days there were employed in observations for fixing the geographical position of the place, and turning the showers, that at times sweep from the columns of vapour across the island, to account, in teaching the Makololo arboriculture, and making that garden from which the natives named the island; so that he did not visit the opposite sides of the cleft, nor see the wonderful course of the river beyond the Falls.

The hippopotami had destroyed the trees which were then planted; and, though a strong stockaded hedge was made again, and living orange-trees, cashew- nuts, and coffee seeds put in afresh, we fear that the perseverance of the hippopotami will overcome the obstacle of the hedge.

It would require a resident missionary to rear European fruit-trees.

The period at which the peach and apricot come into blossom is about the end of the dry season, and artificial irrigation is necessary.