The Chinese, not having the banyan, have used, or at least Fa-Hsien used, Yang ({.}, the general name for the willow) instead of it.
(3) Are two classes of opponents, or only one, intended here, so that we should read "all the unbelievers and Brahmans," or "heretics and Brahmans ?" I think the Brahmans were also "the unbelievers" and "heretics," having {.} {.}, views and ways outside of, and opposed to, Buddha's..