Those who, by heroic efforts and transcendent good luck, successfully finished the course, found themselves against a new wall, if they wished to go on.

They were turned down at the universities, which admitted them in the ratio of three Jews to a hundred Gentiles, under the same debarring entrance conditions as at the high school,--especially rigorous examinations, dishonest marking, or arbitrary rulings without disguise.

No, the Czar did not want us in the schools.
I heard from my mother of a different state of affairs, at the time when her brothers were little boys.

The Czar of those days had a bright idea.

He said to his ministers: "Let us educate the people.