The common arrangement of benches where two sides of the room are lighted, is shown in _a_, Fig.238.By this arrangement, as each worker faces his bench, he also faces one set of windows and has another set of windows at his left.

The advantage of this arrangement is that it is easy to test one's work with the try-square by lifting it up to the light.
Another arrangement, shown in _b_, Fig.

238, has this advantage, that there are no shadows on the work when it is lying on the bench and the worker is holding his rule or try-square on it with his left hand.
When all the windows are on one side of the room the latter is the more advantageous arrangement.
In determining the position of the benches, especially with reference to their distance from each other, thought should be given to the general lines of travel, from the individual benches to the general tool-rack, to the finishing-table, to the lockers, etc.

Even if all the aisles cannot be wide enough both for passage and for work, one wider one thru the center of the room may solve the difficulty.

Where rooms are crowded, space may be economized by placing the benches in pairs, back to back, _c_ and _d_, Fig.238.In any case, room should always be reserved for a tier of demonstration seats, facing the teacher's bench, for the sake of making it easy for the pupils to listen and to think.
[Illustration: Fig.238.Four Different Arrangements of Benches in a Shop.] _The Tools._ Every shop soon has its own traditions as to the arrangement of tools, but there are two principles always worth observing.