But after all, novelty can hardly be predicated of the views here criticised and opposed.

Some of these seem almost a {288} return to the "fortuitous concourse of atoms" of Democritus, and even the very theory of "Natural Selection" itself--a "survival of the fittest"-- was in part thought out not hundreds but _thousands_ of years ago.

Opponents of Aristotle maintained that by the accidental occurrence of combinations, organisms have been preserved and perpetuated such as final causes, did they exist, would have brought about, disadvantageous combinations or variations being speedily exterminated.

"For when the very same combinations happened to be produced which the law of final causes would have called into being, those combinations which proved to be advantageous to the organism were preserved; while those which were not advantageous perished, and still perished like the minotaurs and sphinxes of Empedocles."[313] In conclusion, the Author ventures to hope that this treatise may not be deemed useless, but have contributed, however slightly, towards clearing the way for peace and conciliation and for a more ready perception, of the harmony which exists between those deductions from our primary intuitions before alluded to, and the teachings of physical science, as far, that is, as concerns the evolution of organic forms--_the genesis of species_.
The aim has been to support the doctrine that these species have been evolved by ordinary _natural laws_ (for the most part unknown) controlled by the _subordinate_ action of "Natural Selection," and at the same time to remind some that there is and can be absolutely nothing in physical science which forbids them to regard those natural laws as acting with the Divine concurrence and in obedience to a creative fiat originally imposed on the primeval Cosmos, "in the beginning," by its Creator, its Upholder, and its Lord.
{289} * * * * * INDEX.
A.
Aard-Vark, 174.
Absolute creation, 252.
Acanthometrae, 186.
Acrodont teeth, 148.
Acts formally moral, 195.
Acts materially moral, 195.
Adductor muscles, 79.
Agassiz, Professor, 271.
Aged, care of, 192.
Aggregational theory, 163.
Algoa Bay, cat of, 98.
Allantois, 82.
Amazons, butterflies of, 85.
Amazons, cholera in the, 192.
American butterflies, 29.
American maize, 100.
American monkeys, 226.
Amiurus, 147.
Amphibia, 109.
Analogical relations, 157.
Ancon sheep, 100, 103, 227.
Andrew Murray, Mr., 83.
Angora cats, 175.
Animal's sufferings, 260.
Ankle bones, 158.
Annelids undergoing fission, 169, 211.
Annulosa, eye of, 76.
Anoplotherium, 109.
Anteater, 83.
Antechinus, 82.
Antenna, of orchid, 56.
Anthropomorphism, 258.
Ape's sexual characters, 49.
Apostles' Creed, 245.
Appendages of lobster, 161.
Appendages of Normandy pigs, 99.
Appendages of turkey, 100.
Appendix, vermiform, 83.
Appreciation of Mr.Darwin, 10.
Apteryx, 7, 70.
Aqueous humour, 76.
Aquinas, St.Thomas, 17, 263, 265.
Archegosaurus, 135.
Archeopteryx, 73.
Arcturus, 193.
Argyll, Duke of, 14, 276.
Aristotle, 288.
Armadillo, extinct kind, 110.
Arthritis, rheumatic, 183.
Artiodactyle foot, 109.
Asa Gray, Dr., 253, 255, 261.
Asceticism, 193.
Ascidians, placental structure, 81.
Assumptions of Mr.Darwin, 16.
Astronomical objections, 136.
Auditory organ, 74.
Augustin, St., 17, 263, 264.
Aurelius, Marcus, 206.
Avian limb, 106.
Avicularia, 80.
Axolotl, 165.
Aye-Aye, 107.
Aylesbury ducks, 234.
B.
Backbone, 135, 162.
Bacon, Roger, 266.
Baleen, 40.
Bamboo insect, 33.
Bandicoot, 67.
Bartlett, Mr.A.D., 126, 234.
Bartlett, Mr.E., 192.
Basil, St., 17.
Bastian, Dr.H.Charlton, 115, 219, 237, 266.
Bat, wing of, 64.
Bates, Mr., 29, 85, 87.
[Page 290] Bats, 108.
Beaks, 83.
Beasts, sufferings of, 260.
Beauty of shell-fish, 54.
Bee orchid, 55.
Bird, wings of, 64.
Birds compared with reptiles, 70.
Bird's-head processes, 80.
Birds of Paradise, 90.
Birth of individual and species, 2.
Bivalves, 79.
Black sheep, 122.
Black-shouldered peacock, 100.
Bladebone, 70.
Blood-vessels, 182.
Blyth, Mr., 100, 181.
Bones of skull, 153.
Bonnet, M., 217.
Borwick, Mr., 198.
"Boots" of pigeons, 181.
Breathing, modified power of, 99.
Breeding of lions, 234.
Brill, 37.
Broccoli, variety of, 100.
Bryozoa, 81.
Buchner, Dr., 273.
Budd, Dr.W., 183.
Buffon, 217.
Bull-dog's instinct, 260.
Burt, Prof.Wilder, 180, 184.
Butterflies, 29.
Butterflies, Amazonian, 85.
Butterflies, American, 29.
Butterflies of Indian region, 83.
Butterflies, tails of, 85.
Butterfly, Leaf, 31.
C.
Cacotus, 149.
Caecum, 83.
Calamaries, 77.
Cambrian deposits, 137.
Cape ant-eater, 174.
Care of aged, 192.
Carinate birds, 70.
Carnivora, 68.
Carnivorous dentition, 110.
Carp fishes, 146.
Carpal bones, 106, 178.
Carpenter, Dr., 115.
Carpus, 177, 178.
Cases of conscience, 201.
Cassowary, 70.
Catasetum, 56.
Causes of spread of Darwinism, 10.
Cebus, 226.
Celebes, butterflies of, 85.
Centetes, 148.
Centipede, 66, 159.
Cephalopoda, 74.
Ceroxylus laceratus, 36.
Cetacea, 42, 83, 105, 108, 174.
Chances against few individuals, 57.
Characinidae, 146.
Cheirogaleus, 158.
Chetahs, 234.
Chickens, mortality of hybrids, 124.
Chioglossa, 165.
Chiromys, 107.
Cholera, 192.
Choroid, 76.
Chronic rheumatism, 183.
Circumcision, 212.
Clarias, 146.
Climate, effects of, 98.
Climbing plants, 107.
Clock-thinking illustration, 249.
Cobra, 50.
Cockle, 79.
Cod, 39.
Colloidal matter, 266.
Conceptions, symbolic, 251.
Connecticut footsteps, 131.
Connecting links, supposed, 107.
Conscience, cases of, 201.
Conscientious Papuan, 197.
Cope, Professor, 71, 130.
Coracoid, of birds and reptiles, 70.
Cornea, 77.
Cornelius a Lapide, 265.
Correlation, laws of, 173.
Corti, fibres of, 53, 279.
Coryanthes, 56.
Costa, M., 88.
Cranial segments, 172.
Creation, 245, 252.
Creator, 15, 252.
Creed, Apostles', 245.
Crocodile, 43.
Croll, Mr., 137.
Crustacea, 79, 160.
Cryptacanthus, 146.
Crystalline matter, 266.
Crystals of snow, 186.
Cuttle-fishes, 74, 75.
Cuvier, 109.
Cyprinoids, 146.
Cytheridea, 79.
[Page 291] D.
Dana, Professor, 149.
Darwin, Mr.Charles, 2, 10, 12, 14-21, 23, 27, 34, 35, 43, 45, 47, 48, 55-57, 59, 65, 88, 94, 98-100, 107, 118-126, 129, 138, 142, 145, 149, 150, 181, 188-190, 196, 208, 209, 214-216, 218, 223, 233, 234, 252, 254, 258, 259, 275, 276.
Datura tatula, 101.
Delhi, days at, 98.
Delpino, Signor, 212, 213, 215.
Democritus, 217, 275, 288.
Density of air for breathing, 99.
Dentition, carnivorous, 110.
Derivation, 238.
Derivative creation, 252, 282.
Design, 259.
Devotion, 193.
Dibranchiata, 74.
Difficulties of problem of specific origin, 1.
Digits, supernumerary, 122, 181.
Digits, turtle's, 106.
Dimorphodon, 71.
Dinornis, 70.
Dinosauria, 71.
Diseased pelvis, 182.
Dissemination of seeds, 65.
Doris, 170.
Dotheboys' Hall, 272.
Dragon, the flying, 64, 158.
Dragon-fly, 77.
Droughts, 25.
Duck-billed platypus, 175.
Dugong, 41, 175.
Duke of Argyll, 14, 276.
Dyspepsia, 201.
E.
Ear, 74.
Ear, formation of, 51.
Early specialization, 111.
Echinodermata, 44.
Echinoidea, 44.
Echinops, 148.
Echinorhinus, 172.
Echinus, 43.
Economy, Fuegian political, 192.
Eczema, 183.
Edentata, 174.
Egyptian monuments, 138.
Elasmobranchs, 140.
Elbow and knee affections, 183.
Empedocles, 288.
Eocene ungulata, 110.
Eolis, 170.
Equus, 97.
Ericulus, 148.
Ethics, 188.
Eudes Deslongchamps, 99.
Eurypterida, 141, 171.
Eutropius, 147.
Everett, Rev.R., 98.
Evolution requires geometrical increase of time, 139.
Eye, 76.
Eye, formation of, 51.
Eye of trilobites, 135.
F.
Fabre, M., 46.
Feather-legged breeds, 181.
Feejeans, 199.
Fertilization of orchids, 55.
"Fiat justitia, ruat coelum," 195.
Fibres of Corti, 53, 279.
Final misery, 194.
Finger of Potto, 105.
Fish, flying, 64.
Fishes, fresh-water, 145.
Fishes, thoracic and jugular, 39, 140.
Fixity of position of limbs, 39.
Flat-fishes, 37, 166.
Flexibility of bodily organization, degrees of, 119.
Flexibility of mind, 267.
Flies, horned, 93.
Flight of spiders, 65.
Flounder, 37.
Flower, Professor, 163, 232, 283.
Fly, orchid, 55.
Flying-dragon, 64, 158.
Flying fish, 64.
Foetal teeth of whales, 7.
Food, effects on pigs, 99.
Footsteps of Connecticut, 131.
Foraminifera, 186.
Formally moral acts, 195.
Formation of eye and ear, 51.
Forms, substantial, 186, 272.
Four-gilled Cephalopods, 76.
Fowls, white silk, 122.
French theatrical audience, 198.
Fresh-water fishes, 145.
Frogs, Chilian and European, 149.
Fuego, Terra del, 192.
[Page 292] G.
Galago, 158.
Galaxias, 147.
Galeus vulgaris, 172.
Galton, Mr.F., 97, 113, 228.
Gascoyen, Mr., 182.
Gavials, 43.
Gegenbaur, Prof., 176-178.
Gemmules, 208.
Generative system, its sensitiveness, 235.
Genesis of morals, 201.
Geographical distribution, 144.
Geographical distribution explained by Natural Selection, 6.
Geometrical increments of time, 139.
Geotria, 147.
Giraffe, neck of, 24.
Gizzard-like stomach, 83.
Glacial epoch, 150.
Glyptodon, 110.
Godron, Dr., 101.
Goose, its inflexibility, 119.
Goeppert, Mr., 101.
Gould, Mr., 88.
Grasshopper, Great Shielded, 89.
Gray, Dr.Asa, 253, 255, 261.
Great Ant-eater, 83.
Great Salamander, 172.
Great Shielded Grasshopper, 89.
Greyhounds in Mexico, 99.
Greyhounds, time for evolution of, 138.
Guinea-fowl, 120.
Guinea-pig, 126.
Guenther, Dr., 145, 146, 172.
H.
Hairless Dogs, 174, 175.
Hamilton, Sir Wm., 267.
Harmony, musical, 54, 279.
Heart in birds and reptiles, 158.
Hegel, 217.
Heliconidae, 29.
Hell, 194.
Heptanchus, 172.
Herbert Spencer, Mr., 20, 28, 67, 72, 163-166, 168, 170-172, 184, 187, 202, 203, 205, 218, 228, 245, 246, 248, 251.
Hessian flies, 170.
Heterobranchus, 146.
Hewitt, Mr., 124, 181.
Hexanchus, 172.
Hipparion, 97, 134.
Homogeny, 158.
Homology, bilateral or lateral, 156, 164.
Homology, meaning of term, 7, 156.
Homology, serial, 159.
Homology, vertical, 165.
Homoplasy, 159.
Honey-suckers, 90.
Hood of cobra, 50.
Hook-billed ducks, 100.
Hooker, Dr., 150.
Horned flies, 93.
Horny plates, 40, 42.
Horny stomach, 83.
Human larynx, 54, 278.
Humphry, Professor, 163.
Hutton, Mr.R.Holt, 202, 203.
Huxley, Professor, 67-69, 71, 72, 95, 103, 109, 130, 131, 137, 141, 163, 172, 173, 231, 247, 273.
Hybrids, mortality of, 124.
Hydrocyonina, 146.
Hyperphysical action, 253.
Hyrax, 179.
I.
Ichthyopsida, 109.
Ichthyosaurus, 78, 106, 132, 177.
Ichthyosis, 183.
Iguanodon, 71.
Illegitimate symbolic conceptions, 251.
Illustration by clock-thinking, 249.
Imaginal disks, 46, 170.
Implacental mammals, 67, 68.
Independent origins, 152.
Indian butterfly, 30.
Indian region's butterflies, 83.
Indians and cholera, 192.
Individual, meaning of word, 2.
Infirm, care of, 192.
Influence, local, 83.
Insect, walking-leaf, 35.
Insects, walking-stick and bamboo, 33.
Insectivora, 68.
Insectivorous mammals, 148.
Insectivorous teeth, 68.
Instinct of bull-dog, 260.
Intermediate forms, 128.
Intuitions, primary, 251.
Irregularities in blood-vessels, 182.
Isaria felina, 115.
[Page 293] J.
Japanned Peacock, 100.
Jews, 212.
Joints of backbone, 157, 162.
Jugular fishes, 39, 141.
Julia Pastrana, 174.
K.
Kallima inachis, 31.
Kallima paralekta, 31.
Kangaroo, 42, 67.
Kowalewsky, 81.
Knee and elbow affections, 183.
Koelliker, Professor, 104.
L.
Labyrinthici, 146.
Labyrinthodon, 104, 134.
Lamarck, 3.
Lankester, Mr.Ray, 152, 158.
Larynx of kangaroo, 42.
Larynx of man, 54, 278.
Lateral homology, 164.
Laws of correlation, 173.
Leaf butterfly, 31.
Legitimate symbolic conceptions, 251.
Lens, 76.
Lepidosteus, 172.
Lepra, 183.
Lewes, Mr.G.H., 94, 212, 214, 216.
Lewis, St., 206.
Lewis XV., 206.
Lewis XVI., 206.
Limb genesis, 176.
Limb muscles, 180.
Limbs, fixity of position of, 39.
Limbs of lobster, 161.
Links, supposed connecting, 107.
Lions, breeding, 234.
Lions, diseased pelvis, 182.
Llama, 109.
Local influences, 83.
Lobster, 160.
Long-tailed bird of Paradise, 91.
Lubbock, Sir John, 193, 204.
Lyell Sir, Charles, on dogs, 99, 106.
M.
Machairodus, 110.
Macrauchenia, 109.
Macropodidae, 69.
Macroscelides, 68.
Madagascar, 148, 152.
Magnificent Bird of Paradise, 93.
Maize, American, 100.
Mammals, 67.
Mammary gland of kangaroo, 42.
Mammary gland, origin of, 47.
Man, origin of, 277.
Man reveals God, 267.
Man, voice of, 54.
Manatee, 41, 175.
Manchamp breed of sheep, 100.
Manis, 175.
Man's larynx, 54.
Many simultaneous modifications, 57.
Marcus Aurelius, 206.
Martineau, Mr.James, 200, 245.
Mastacembelus, 145.
Materially moral acts, 195.
Matter, crystalline and colloidal, 266.
Meaning of word "individual," 2.
Meaning of word "species," 2.
Mechanical theory of spine, 164.
Mediterranean oyster, 88, 98.
Meehan, Mr., 88.
Mexico, dogs in, 99.
Mill, John Stuart, 15, 189, 193, 194.
Mimicry, 8, 29.
Miracle, 287.
Molars, 111.
Mole, 176.
Moliere, 230.
Mombas, cats at, 98.
Monkeys, American, 226.
Monster proboscis, 123.
Moral acts, 195.
Mordacia, 147.
Murphy, Mr.J.J., 52, 53, 76, 103, 114, 115, 137, 185, 221, 276, 281.
Murray, Mr.Andrew, 83.
Mus delicatulus, 82.
Muscles of limbs, 180.
Mussel, 79.
Myrmecophaga, 83.
N.
Nasalis, Semnopithecus, 139.
Nathusius, 99.
Natural Selection, shortly stated, 5.
Naudin, M.C., 101.
Nautilus, 76.
Nebular evolution, 273.
Neck of giraffe, 24.
Newman, the Rev.Dr., 260, 268, 270, 286.
[Page 294] New Zealand crustacea, 149.
New Zealand fishes, 147.
Niata cattle, 100.
Nile fishes, 146.
Normandy pig, 99.
North American fish, 147 Nycticebus, 179.
O.
Object of book, 5.
Objections from astronomy, 136.
Octopods, 77.
Offensive remarks of Prof.Vogt, 13.
Old, care of the, 192.
Old Fuegian women, 192.
Omygena exigua, 115.
Ophiocephalus, 146.
Optic lobes of pterodactyls, 71.
Orchids, 92.
Orchids, Bee, &c., 55.
Organ of hearing, 74.
Organ of sight, 76.
Organic polarities, 185.
Origin of man, 277.
Orioles, 90.
Ornithoptera, 84.
Ornithorhynchus, 175.
Orthoceratidae, 170.
Orycteropus, 174.
Ostracods, 79.
Ostrich, 70.
Otoliths, 74.
Outlines of butterflies' wings, 86.
Owen, Professor, 74, 102, 123, 217, 238, 274.
Oyster of Mediterranean, 88, 98.
Oysters, 79.
P.
Paget, Mr.J., 182.
Palaeotherium, 109.
Pallas, 125.
Pangenesis, 19, 208.
Pangolin, 175.
Papilio Hospiton, 85.
Papilio Machaon, 85.
Papilio Ulysses, 84.
Papilionidae, 83.
Papuan morals, 197, 198.
Parthenogenesis, 217.
Passiflora gracilis, 107.
Pastrana, Julia, 174.
Pathological polarities, 184.
Pavo nigripennis, 100.
Peacock, black shouldered, 100.
Peacock, inflexibility of, 119.
Pedicellariae, 44.
Pelvis, diseased, 182.
Pendulous appendages of turkey, 100.
Perameles, 68.
Periophthalmus, 146.
Perissodactyle ungulates, 109.
Permian, jugular fish, 141.
Perodicticus, 105, 179.
Phalangers, 67.
Phasmidae, 89.
Phyllopods, 79.
Physical actions, 253.
"Physiological units," 168, 218.
Pigeons' "boots," 181.
Placental mammals, 67.
Placental reproduction, 81.
Plants, tendrils of, 107.
Plates of baleen, 40.
Platypus, 175.
Pleiades, 193.
Plesiosaurus, 106, 133, 178.
Pleurodont dentition, 148.
Pleuronectidae, 37, 166.
Plotosus, 147.
Poisoning apparatus, 66.
Poisonous serpents, 50.
Polarities, organic, 184, 185.
Political economy, Fuegian, 192.
Polyzoa, 80, 81.
Pompadour, Madame de, 206.
Poppy, variety of, 101.
Porcupine, 175.
Porto Santo rabbit, 100, 122.
Potto, 105, 179.
Pouched beasts, 67.
Powell, the Rev.Baden, 259, 261, 285.
Premolars, 111.
Prepotency, 124.
Primary intuitions, 251.
Primitive man, 204.
Problem of origin of kinds, 1.
Proboscis monkey, 139.
Proboscis of ungulates, 123.
Processes, bird's-head, 80.
Psettus, 146.
Psoriasis, 183.
Pterodactyles, compared with birds, 70.
Pterodactyles, wing of, 64.
Puccinia, 115.
Purpose, 259.
[Page 295] Q.
Quasi-vertebral theory of skull, 172.
R.
Rabbit of Porto Santo, 100, 122.
Radial ossicle, 176.
Rarefied air, effect on dogs, 99.
Rattlesnake, 49, 50.
Red bird of Paradise, 92.
Relations, analogical, 157.
Relations, homological, 156.
Reptiles compared with birds, 70.
Retina, 76.
Retrieving, virtue a kind of, 189, 205.
Reversion, cases of, 122.
Rhea, 70.
Ribs of Cetacea and Sirenia, 41.
Ribs of flying-dragon, 64, 158.
Richardson's figures of pigs, 99.
Roger Bacon, 266.
Rudimentary structures, 7, 102.
S.
Sabre-toothed tiger, 110.
St.Augustin, 17, 263-265.
St.Basil, 17.
St.Hilaire, M., 179.
St.Thomas Aquinas, 17, 263, 265.
Salamander, great, 172.
Salter, Mr., 124.
Salvia officinalis, 213.
Salvia verticillata, 213.
Scapula of birds and reptiles, 70.
Schreber, 13.
Sclerotic, 76.
Scorpion, sting of, 66.
Seals, 83.
Sea squirts, 81.
Seeds, dissemination of, 65.
Seeley, Mr., on pterodactyles, 71.
Segmentation of skull, 172.
Segmentation of spine, 171.
Segments, similar, 160.
Self-existence, 252.
Semnopithecus, 139.
Sense, organ of, 51, 69, 74, 76.
Sensitiveness of generative system, 235.
Sepia, 77.
Serpents, poisonous, 50.
Sexual characters of apes, 49.
Sexual selection, 48.
Sharks, 83.
Shell-fish, beauty of, 54.
Shells of oysters, 88, 98.
Shielded grasshopper, 89.
Silurian strata, 140, 142.
Simultaneous modifications, 57.
Sirenia, 42 Sir John Lubbock, 198, 204.
Sir William Thomson, 136.
Sitaris, 46.
Six-shafted bird of Paradise, 90.
Skull bones, 153.
Skull segments, 172.
Sloth, windpipe of, 82.
Smithfield, wife-selling in, 198.
Snow, crystals of, 186.
Sole, 37.
Solenodon, 148.
Species, meaning of word, 2.
Spelerpes, 165.
Spencer, see Herbert Spencer.
Spider orchid, 55.
Spiders, flight of, 65.
Spine of Glyptodon, 110.
Spine, segmentation of, 172.
Squalidae, 38.
Squilla, 160.
Sterility of hybrids, 125.
Stings, 66.
Straining action of baleen, 41.
Struthious birds, 70, 151.
Sturgeon, 171.
Suarez, 18, 263.
Substantial forms, 186, 272.
Sufferings of beasts, 260.
Supernatural action, 252.
Supernatural action not to be looked for in nature, 15.
Supernumerary digits, 122, 181.
Syllis, 169, 211.
Symbolic conceptions, 251.
Symmetrical diseases, 182.
Syphilitic deposits, 183.
T.
Tadpole's beak, 83.
Tails of butterflies, 85.
Tapir, 123, 134.
Tarsal bones, 159, 198.
Teeth of Cetacea, 83.
Teeth of Insectivora, 68.
Teeth of kangaroo and Macroscelides, 69.
Teeth of seals, 83.
Teeth of sharks, 83.
[Page 296] Teleology and evolution compatible, 273.
Tendrils of climbing plants, 107.
Tenia echinococcus, 170.
Teratology, 173.
Tetragonopterina, 146.
Thomson, Sir William, 136.
Thoracic fishes, 39.
Thorax of crustaceans, 79.
Thylacine, 67.
Tierra del Fuego, 192.
Tiger, sabre-toothed, 110.
Time required for evolution, 128.
Tope, 172.
Trabeculae cranii, 172.
Transitional forms, 128.
Transmutationism, 242.
Trevelyan, Sir J.Peacock, 100.
Trilobites, 135, 141, 171.
Tunicaries, 81.
Turbot, 37.
Turkey, effects of climate on, 100.
Turkish dog, 45.
Two-gilled cephalopods, 76.
Type, conformity to, 241.
U.
Umbilical vesicle, 82.
Ungulata, 25, 109.
Ungulata eocene, 110.
Units, physiological, 168, 218.
Unknowable, the, 245.
Upper Silurian strata, 140, 142.
Urotrichus, 68.
V.
Variability, different degrees of, 119.
Vermiform appendix, 83.
Vertebrae of skull, 172.
Vertebral column, 162, 171.
Vertebrate limbs, 38, 163.
Vertical homology, 165.
Vesicle, umbilical, 82.
"Vestiges of Creation," 3.
View here advocated, 5.
Vitreous humour, 76.
Vogt, Professor, 12, 273.
Voice of man, 54.
Voltaire, 230.
W.
Wagner, J.A., 13.
Wagner, Nicholas, 170.
Walking leaf, 35.
Walking-stick insect, 33.
Wallace, Mr.Alfred, 2, 10, 26, 29, 30, 32, 35, 36, 54, 83, 84, 87, 89, 90, 103, 117, 191, 197, 226, 274, 281-283.
Weaver fishes, 39.
Weitbrecht, 179.
Whale, foetal teeth of, 7.
Whale, mouth of, 40.
Whalebone, 40.
Whales, 78.
White silk fowls, 122.
Wife selling, 198.
Wild animals, their variability, 120.
Wilder, Professor Burt, 180, 184.
Windpipe, 82.
Wings of bats, birds, and pterodactyles, 64, 130.
Wings of birds, origin of, 106.
Wings of butterflies, outline of, 86.
Wings of flying-dragon, 64, 158.
Wings of humming-bird, 157.
Wings of humming-bird hawk moth, 157.
Wings of insects, 65.
Wombat, 83.
Women, old Fuegian, 192.
Worms undergoing fission, 169, 211.
Wyman, Dr.Jeffries, 185.
Y.
York Minster, a Fuegian, 197.
Z.
Zebras, 134.
Zoological Gardens, Superintendent of, 126.
R.CLAY, SONS, AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS, LONDON.
* * * * * Notes [1] In the last edition of the "Origin of Species" (1869) Mr.Darwin himself admits that "Natural Selection" has not been the exclusive means of modification, though he still contends it has been the most important one.
[2] See Mr.Wallace's recent work, entitled "Contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection," where, at p.

302, it is very well and shortly stated.
[3] "Natural Selection" is happily so termed by Mr.Herbert Spencer in his "Principles of Biology." [4] Biology is the science of life.