Parentheses enclosing interrogation points or exclamation points are sometimes introduced into a sentence to cast doubt on a statement or to express surprise or contempt.
He said that on the fifth of January ( ?) he was in New York.
This most excellent (!) gentleman.
4.

Parentheses are used, generally in pairs, sometimes singly, to enclose the reference letters or figures used to mark division and classification in arguments or in precise statements.
This is done because: (a) it is clearer; (b) it is shorter.
These signs may be printed in several ways.
(a) a) (^a) ^a) (1) 1) (^1) ^1) The old-fashioned form of parenthesis, always made too thin, may need a thin space between it and its adjoining character when it is placed too close to any letter that nearly fills the body in height, as in ( Hall ).

The space may not be needed when the proximate character has a shoulder, as in ( Art), or when the parenthesis follows a period.) The italic form of parenthesis is objectionable in book work.
Distinction is sought for the word in italic and not for the parenthesis enclosing the word.

The italic parenthesis may be used in job-work or full display lines of italic letters.
THE BRACKET Brackets are used in pairs, like the parentheses.

In Job composition either brackets or parentheses may be used, as suits the fancy or is convenient.