But this submission has not commonly been of a whole-hearted kind, and it has also commonly been associated with a degree of persistent sabotage; which has clogged and retarded the administration of governmental law and order, and has also been conducive to a large measure of irresponsible official corruption.

The habitual scheme of things Chinese in this bearing may fairly be described as a peace of non-resistance tempered with sabotage and assassination.

Such was the late Manchu regime, and there is no reason in China for expecting a substantially different outcome from the Japanese invasion that is now under way.

The nature of this Japanese incursion should be sufficiently plain.

It is an enterprise in statecraft after the order of Macchiavelli, Metternich, and Bismarck.