Various other cultivating castes also exist, whose origin can be traced to different sources; on obtaining possession of the land they have acquired the cultivating status, but retained their separate caste organisation and name.

Other agricultural castes have been formed for the growing of special products.

Thus the Malis are gardeners, and within the caste there exist such separate groups as the Phulmalis who grow flowers, the Jire Malis cumin and the Halde Malis turmeric.

[85] Hindus generally object to cultivate _san_-hemp, [86] and some special castes have been formed from those who grew it and thus underwent some loss of status; such are the Lorhas and Kumrawats and Pathinas, and the Santora subcaste of Kurmis.

The _al_ [87] or Indian madder-dye is another plant to which objection is felt, and the Alia subcastes of Kachhis and Banias consist of those who grow and sell it.