It is to his animal instincts, then, that legalism must appeal in its endeavour to influence his conduct.

In other words, the punishments and the rewards to which Man is to look forward must be of the same _genus_, if not of the same _species_, as the lash of the whip that punishes the lagging race-horse, or the lump of sugar that rewards his exertions.

And with the inevitable growth of egoism and individualism in the demoralising atmosphere with which legalism (and its lineal successors) must needs invest human life, Man's conception of the rewards and punishments that await him will deteriorate rather than improve.

The Jewish desire for national prosperity was an immeasurably nobler motive to action than is the Christian's fear of the quasi-material fires of Hell.

Indeed it is nothing but our familiarity with the latter motive that has blinded us to its inherent baseness.