The French generals Conde and Turenne invaded Germany and the Netherlands.

Victories were won by the new armies at Rocroi, Thionville, and at Noerdlingen, but Vienna was not captured.

The Imperial troops were, however, again defeated at Zumarshauen by Conde, who also repelled an attempted diversion in the shape of a Spanish invasion of France at the battle of Lens in the spring of 1648.

The Thirty Years' War was finally ended in October of the same year at Muenster, by the celebrated Treaty of Westphalia.
The above is a skeleton sketch in a few words of the chief features of that long and complicated series of diplomatic and military events known to history as the Thirty Years' War.[25] The Thirty Years' War had far-reaching and untold consequences on Germany itself and indirectly on the course of modern civilization generally.

For close upon a generation Central Europe had been ravaged from end to end by hostile and plundering armies.