I consider that dreams, with natural somnambulism, automatic writing, with so-called mediumistic trance, as well as certain intoxications, epilepsies, hysterias, and recurrent insanities, afford examples of the development of what I have called secondary mnemonic chains; fresh personalities, more or less complete, alongside the normal state.

And I would add that hypnotism is only the name given to a group of empirical methods of inducing these fresh personalities." A doctor in philosophy, to whom I submitted these pages, writes me as follows:--"There can be no doubt that every man lives a sub-conscious as well as a conscious life.

One side of him is closed against examination by himself (_i.e._ unconscious); the other is conscious of itself.
The former carries on processes of separation, combination, and distribution, of the thought-stuff handed over to it, corresponding almost exactly to the processes carried on by the stomach, which, as compared with those of eating, etc., go on in the dark automatically." Another doctor, not of philosophy but of medicine, who has devoted special attention to the phenomenon of sleep, suggests a new illustration which is graphic and suggestive.

He writes:-- "With regard to dual or multiple consciousness, my own feeling has always been that the _individuals_ stand one behind the other in the chambers of the mind, or else, as it were, in concentric circles.
You may compare it to the Jewish tabernacle.

First, there is the court of the Gentiles, where Ego No.