Navarre was not mentioned in the treaty with Henry, but Navarre was what Ferdinand had in his mind.

It was then an independent kingdom, surrounded on three sides by Spanish territory, and an easy prey which would serve to unite all Spain beyond the Pyrenees under Ferdinand's rule.

Under pretence of restoring Guienne to the English crown, Dorset's army had been enticed to Passages, and there it was used as a screen against the French, behind which Ferdinand calmly proceeded to conquer Navarre.

It was, he said, impossible to march into France with Navarre unsubdued in his rear.

Navarre was at peace, but it might join the French, and he invited Dorset to help in securing the prey.