Its first tendency is to increase the quantity of the article which is relieved from duties, and consequently to lower its price.

But by increasing, at the same time, the quantity of all the things for which this article is exchanged, it increases the _demand_, and consequently the price rises.

You ask us what the people will gain.
Suppose they have a balance with certain scales, in each one of which they have for their use a certain quantity of the articles which you have enumerated.

If a little grain is put in one scale it will gradually sink, but if an equal quantity of cloth, iron and coal is added in the others, the equilibrium will be maintained.

Looking at the beam above, there will be no change.