Mississippi and Louisiana both rejected it unanimously.

Texas, out of her entire Legislature, gave only five votes for it, and the Arkansas Legislature, which had really taken its action in the preceding October, gave only three votes for the Amendment.
This course on the part of the Southern States was simply a declaration of defiance to Congress.

It was as if they had said in so many words: "We are entitled to representation in Congress, and we propose to resume it on our own terms; and therefore we reject your conditions with scorn.

We will not consent to your Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.

We will not consent that the freedom of the negro shall be made secure by endowing him with citizenship.