[Some Forerunners of Italian Opera by William James Henderson]@TWC D-Link book
Some Forerunners of Italian Opera

CHAPTER IX
5/11

This relief is of the twelfth century.

It presents first on the left a king who plays a three-stringed gamba, which he holds between his knees, like a violoncello.

A woman performer handles an organistrum, a sort of large hurdy-gurdy, sometimes (as apparently in this case) requiring two players, one for the crank and another for the stops.

Then comes a man with a pandean pipe, next another with a semicircular harp and then one with a portable organ.
Next comes a performer on a round-bodied fiddle (the usual form of the instrument at that time).

Next to him is a harper, using a plectrum, and at the right end of the group is a pair of players, man and woman, performing on a glockenspiel.


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