They had seen its blackness, and, plowing down with the spade, they had tested its depth.

They knew that for ages and ages leaf and bough, falling upon it, had decayed there and increased its fertility, and so they awaited the test with confidence.
The green young shoots of the wheat, sown before the winter, were the first to appear, and everyone in Wareville old enough to know the importance of such a manifestation went forth to examine them.

Mr.Ware, Mr.Upton and Mr.Pennypacker held solemn conclave, and the final verdict was given by the schoolmaster, as became a man who might not be so strenuous in practice as the others, but who nevertheless was more nearly a master of theory.
"The stalks are at least a third heavier than those in Maryland or Virginia at the same age," he said, "and we can fairly infer from it that the grain will show the same proportion of increase.

I take a third as a most conservative estimate; it is really nearer a half.

Wareville can, with reason, count upon twenty-five bushels of wheat to the acre, and it is likely to go higher." It was then no undue sense of elation that Wareville felt, and it was shared by Henry and Paul, and even young Lucy Upton.
"It will be a rich country some day when I'm an old, old woman," she said to Henry.
"It's a rich country now," replied he proudly, "and it will be a long, long time before you are an old woman." They began now to plow the ground cleared the autumn before--"new ground" they called it--for the spring planting of maize.