But why should they look south?
Because from the south the sun comes, bringing with it "genial and animating influence," and putting new life into plant and animal after the winter.
The south gate is a double gate in a semi-circular bastion.

Beyond it is a splendid triumphal arch erected by a grateful community to the memory of the late viceroy.

A thickly-populated suburb extends from here to the wide common, where stands the lofty guardian pagoda of the city, 250 feet high, a conspicuous sight from every part of the great Yunnan plain.

Rich temples are all around it, their eaves hung with sweet-toned bells, which tinkle with every breath of wind, giving forth what the Chinese poetically describe as "the tribute of praise from inanimate nature to the greatness of Buddha." [Illustration: THE PAGODA OF YUNNAN CITY, 250 FEET HIGH.] In the early morning the traveller is awakened by the steam whistle of the arsenal, a strange sound to be heard in so far inland a city in China.

The factory is under Chinese management, a fact patent to any visitor.