[A History of Science Volume 2(of 5) by Henry Smith Williams]@TWC D-Link bookA History of Science Volume 2(of 5) BOOK II 178/368
This sect found quite a number of followers during the life of Bohme, but gradually died out after his death; not, however, until many of its members had been tortured for heresy, and one at least, Kuhlmann, of Moscow, burned as a sorcerer. The names of the different substances that at various times were thought to contain the large quantities of the "essence" during the many centuries of searching for it, form a list of practically all substances that were known, discovered, or invented during the period.
Some believed that acids contained the substance; others sought it in minerals or in animal or vegetable products; while still others looked to find it among the distilled "spirits"-- the alcoholic liquors and distilled products.
On the introduction of alcohol by the Arabs that substance became of all-absorbing interest, and for a long time allured the alchemist into believing that through it they were soon to be rewarded.
They rectified and refined it until "sometimes it was so strong that it broke the vessels containing it," but still it failed in its magic power.
Later, brandy was substituted for it, and this in turn discarded for more recent discoveries. There were always, of course, two classes of alchemists: serious investigators whose honesty could not be questioned, and clever impostors whose legerdemain was probably largely responsible for the extended belief in the existence of the philosopher's stone.
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