If, therefore, we consider the moving bodies, we must unquestionably regard the motion of the earth as a much simpler process than that of the universe; if, furthermore, we direct our attention to so many other simplifications which may be reached only by this theory, the daily movement of the earth must appear much more probable than the motion of the universe without the earth, for, according to Aristotle's just axiom, 'Frustra fit per plura, quod potest fieri per p auciora' (It is vain to expend many means where a few are sufficient)."(2) The work was widely circulated, and it was received with an interest which bespeaks a wide-spread undercurrent of belief in the Copernican doctrine.

Naturally enough, it attracted immediate attention from the church authorities.

Galileo was summoned to appear at Rome to defend his conduct.

The philosopher, who was now in his seventieth year, pleaded age and infirmity.

He had no desire for personal experience of the tribunal of the Inquisition; but the mandate was repeated, and Galileo went to Rome.