In mediaeval Welsh legend, again, this lower world is regarded as divided into kingdoms, like this world, and its kings, like Arawn and Hafgan in the Mabinogi of Pwyll, are represented as being sometimes engaged in conflict.

From this lower world had come to man some of the blessings of civilisation, and among them the much prized gift of swine.

The lower world could be even plundered by enterprising heroes.

Marriages like that of Pwyll and Rhiannon were possible between the dwellers of the one world and the other.

The other-world of the Celts does not seem, however, to have been always pictured as beneath the earth.