He counted the beats of the soldier's pulse when he was sober; and then counted them again when he was using alcohol, and found that when the soldier took a pint of gin a day his heart was obliged to do one fourth more work than it ought to do.
~11.

Effects of Alcohol upon the Blood-Vessels.~--If you put your hands into warm water, they soon become red.

This is because the blood-vessels of the skin become enlarged by the heat, so that they hold more blood.
Alcohol causes the blood to come to the surface in the same way.

It is this that causes the flushed cheeks and the red eyes of the drunkard.
Sometimes, after a man has been using alcohol a long time, the blood-vessels of his face remain enlarged all the time.

This makes his nose grow too fast, and so in time it gets too large, and then he has a rum-blossom.
~12.