That the profession was divided in opinion on the subject was probably due to sophistication, or to the importation of other and inert barks.

It was well into the eighteenth century before its virtues were universally acknowledged.

The tree itself was not described until 1738, and Linnaeus established the genus "Chinchona" in honor of the Countess.( 1) (1) Clements R.Markham: Peruvian Bark, John Murray, London, 1880; Memoir of the Lady Anna di Osoria, Countess of Chinchona and Vice-Queen of Peru, 1874.
A step in advance followed the objective study of the changes wrought in the body by disease.

To a few of these the anatomists had already called attention.

Vesalius, always keen in his description of aberrations from the normal, was one of the first to describe internal aneurysm.