The levy of an armed nation was thus placed wholly at the disposal of the Crown for purposes of defence.
[Sidenote: Henry's death] A fresh revolt of the younger Henry with his brother Geoffry in 1183 hardly broke the current of Henry's success.

The revolt ended with the young king's death, and in 1186 this was followed by the death of Geoffry.

Richard, now his father's heir, remained busy in Aquitaine; and Henry was himself occupied with plans for the recovery of Jerusalem, which had been taken by Saladin in 1187.

The "Saladin tithe," a tax levied on all goods and chattels, and memorable as the first English instance of taxation on personal property, was granted to the king at the opening of 1188 to support his intended Crusade.

But the Crusade was hindered by strife which broke out between Richard and the new French king, Philip; and while Henry strove in vain to bring about peace, a suspicion that he purposed to make his youngest son, John, his heir drove Richard to Philip's side.