TURCO-RUSSIAN WAR--TREATY OF BERLIN Liberalism had received a check.

In this outburst of severity, used to repress the free instincts of a once great nation, the temper of the Russian people had undergone a change.

The warmth and ardor were chilled.

The Emperor's grasp tightened.

Some even thought that Finland ought to be Russianized precisely as Poland had been; but convinced of its loyalty, the Grand Principality was spared, and the privileges so graciously bestowed by Alexander the First were confirmed.
While the political reforms had been checked by the Polish insurrection, there was an enormous advance in everything making for material prosperity.