This point however is also set at rest by the Welbeck copy, which besides the date has the signatures of the generals, and they are those of Blake, Deane and Monck.

Penn did not sign them at all, but this really in no way affects his claim as a tactical reformer.

For as he was vice-admiral of the fleet and an officer of high reputation, his share in the orders was probably as great as that of anyone else.
The winter of 1652-3 was the turning point of the war.

The summer campaign had shown how serious the struggle was to be, and no terms for ending it could be arranged.

Large reinforcements consequently had been ordered, and Monck and Deane nominated to assist Blake as joint generals-at-sea for the next campaign.