It is quite evident that men high in the councils of the Roumanian government and in full possession of the military secrets of the country were simply disguised German agents.
Between July and November had occurred the great battles of the Somme during which the Allies had failed to break the German lines.

The Austrians in June had launched a great attack and made much progress against the Italians in the Trentino.

The principal offsets to the German gains during the last seven months of the year 1916 were the Russian offensive in Volhynia and Bukovina, and the counter drive of the Italians against the Austrians.

The Russians captured Czernovitz June 17, and by the end of the month had overrun the whole of Bukovina.

The Italians drove out the Austrians between August 6 and September 1, winning August 9 the important city and fortress of Gorizia.
Submarine incidents important to this government were not lacking during the latter half of the year.