When they returned in 1603, they set to work again;[176] and the assassin Ravaillac, who succeeded in removing the obnoxious champion of European independence in 1610, was probably inspired by their doctrine.[177] They had a hand in the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, and were thought by some to have instigated the Massaere of S.
Bartholomew.

They fomented the League of the Guises, which had for its object a change in the French dynasty.

They organized the Thirty Years' War, and they procured the revocation of the Edict of Nantes.

If it is not possible to connect them immediately with all and each of the criminal acts laid to their charge, the fact that a Jesuit in every case was lurking in the background, counts by the force of cumulative evidence heavily against them, and explains the universal suspicion with which they came to be regarded as factious intermeddlers in the concerns of nations.

Moreover, their written words accused them; for the tyrannicide of heretics was plainly advocated in their treatises on government.