--THE PROBLEM STATED p.

1.
The spread of moral restraint as a check .-- Predicted by Malthus .-- The declining Birth-rate .-- Its Universality .-- Most conspicuous in New Zealand.

Great increase in production of food .-- With rising food rate falling birth-rate .-- Malthus's checks .-- His use of the term "moral restraint."-- The growing desire to evade family obligations .-- Spread of physiological knowledge .-- All limitation involves self-restraint .-- Motives for limitation .-- Those who do and those who do not limit .-- Poverty and the Birth-rate .-- Defectives prolific and propagate their kind .-- Moral restraint held to include all sexual interference designed to limit families .-- Power of self-control an attribute of the best citizens .-- Its absence an attribute of the worst .-- Humanitarianism increases the number and protects the lives of defectives .-- The ratio of the unfit to the fit .-- Its dangers to the State .-- Antiquity of the problem .-- The teaching of the ancients .-- Surgical methods already advocated.
CHAPTER II .-- THE POPULATION QUESTION p.

10 The teaching of Aristotle and Plato .-- The teaching of Malthus .-- His assailants .-- Their illogical position .-- Bonar on Malthus and his work .-- The increase of food supplies held by Nitti to refute Malthus .-- The increase of food and the decrease of births .-- Mr.Spencer's biological theory--Maximum birth-rate determined by female capacity to bear children .-- The pessimism of Spencer's law .-- Wider definition of moral restraint .-- Where Malthus failed to anticipate the future .-- Economic law operative only through biological law.
CHAPTER III .-- DECLINING BIRTH-RATE p.

26 Declining birth-rates rapid and persistent .-- Food cost in New Zealand .-- Relation of birth-rate to prosperity before and after 1877 .-- Neo-Malthusian propaganda .-- Marriage rates and fecundity of marriage .-- Statistics of Hearts of Oak Friendly Society .-- Deliberate desire of parents to limit family increase.
CHAPTER IV .-- MEANS ADOPTED p.