There was a great deal of subterranean water, and sink-holes produced by caving over such streams were frequent.

The soil generally was a residual red or brownish clay.

Flocks of gray pigeons were startled from their roosts by our passing; and little doves were plentiful; great hawks and small eagles were seen in pairs, hovering high in the air.

We passed several little ranches, to one of which the name of El Zapato is given from a foot-print which is said to be painted on the rocks at that point.

Finally, we saw before us the hill behind which, Don Manuel assured us, lay Coixtlahuaca.