This aggression brought him into collision with the Gauls, whom Nicomedes called to his aid, and with whom Antiochus had several struggles, some successful and some disastrous.

He also attacked Eumenes of Pergamus (B.C.

263), but was defeated in a pitched battle near Sardis.

The second Antiochus was not engaged in so great a multiplicity of contests; but we hear of his taking a part in the internal affairs of Miletus, and expelling a certain Timachus, who had made himself tyrant of that city.

There is also some ground for thinking that he had a standing quarrel with the king of Media Atropatene.