There is an excellent article on this subject by Arnold Wall, entitled "A Contribution towards the Study of the Scandinavian element in the English Dialects," printed in the German periodical entitled _Anglia, Neue Folge_, Band VIII, 1897.
I now give a list, a mere selection, of some of the more remarkable words of Scandinavian origin that are known to our dialects.

For their various uses and localities, see the _English Dialect Dictionary_; and for their etymologies, see my Index to Cleasby and Vigfusson.

Many of these words are well approved and forcible, and may perhaps be employed hereafter to reinforce our literary language.
_Addle_, to earn; _and_ (in Barbour, _aynd_) sb., breath; _arder_, a ploughing; _arr_, a scar; _arval_, a funeral repast; _aund_, fated, destined; _bain_, ready, convenient; _bairns' lakings_, children's playthings; _beck_, a stream; _big_, to build; _bigg_, barley; _bing_, a heap; _birr_, impetus; _blaeberry_, a bilberry; _blather_, _blether_, empty noisy talk; _bouk_, the trunk of the body; _boun_, ready; _braid_, to resemble, to take after; _brandreth_, an iron framework over a fire; _brant_, steep; _bro_, a foot-bridge with a single rail; _bule_, _bool_, the curved handle of a bucket; _busk_, to prepare oneself, dress; _caller_, fresh, said of fish, etc.; _carle_, a rustic, peasant; _carr_, moist ground; _cleck_, to hatch (as chickens); _cleg_, a horse-fly; _coup_, to exchange, to barter; _dag_, dew; _daggle_, to trail in the wet; _dowf_, dull, heavy, stupid; _dump_, a deep pool.
_Elding_, _eliding_, fuel; _ettle_, to intend, aim at; _feal_, to hide; _fell_, a hill; _fey_, doomed, fated to die; _flake_, a hurdle; _force_, a water-fall; _gab_, idle talk; _gain_, adj., convenient, suitable; _gait_, a hog; _gar_, to cause, to make; _garn_, yarn; _garth_, a field, a yard; _gate_, a way, street; _ged_, a pike; _gilder_, a snare, a fishing-line; _gilt_, a young sow; _gimmer_, a young ewe; _gloppen_, to scare, terrify; _glare_, to stare, to glow; _goam_, _gaum_, to stare idly, to gape, whence _gomeril_, a blockhead; _gowk_, a cuckoo, a clown; _gowlan_, _gollan_, a marigold; _gowpen_, a double handful; _gradely_, respectable; _graithe_, to prepare; _grice_, a young pig; _haaf_, the open sea; _haver_, oats; _how_, a hillock, mound; _immer-goose_, _ember-goose_, the great Northern diver; _ing_, a lowlying meadow; _intake_, a newly enclosed or reclaimed portion of land; _keld_, a spring of water; _kenning_, knowledge, experience; _kilp_, _kelp_, the iron hook in a chimney on which pots are hung; _kip_, to catch fish in a particular way; _kittle_, to tickle; _lain_, _lane_, to conceal; _lair_, a muddy place, a quick-sand; _lait_, to seek; _lake_, to play; _lathe_, a barn; _lax_, a salmon; _lea_, a scythe; _leister_, a fish-spear with prongs and barbs; _lift_, the air, sky; _lig_, to lie down; _lispund_, a variable weight; _lit_, to dye; _loon_, the Northern diver; _lowe_, a flame, a blaze.
_Mense_, respect, reverence, decency, sense; _mickle_, great; _mirk_, dark; _morkin_, a dead sheep; _muck_, dirt; _mug_, fog, mist, whence _muggy_, misty, close, dull; _neif_, _neive_, the fist; _ouse_, _ouze_, to empty out liquid, to bale out a boat; _paddock_, a frog, a toad; _quey_, a young heifer; _rae_, a sailyard; _rag_, hoarfrost, rime; _raise_, a cairn, a tumulus; _ram_, _rammish_, rank, rancid; _rip_, a basket; _risp_, to scratch; _rit_, to scratch slightly, to score; _rawk_, _roke_, a mist; _roo_, to pluck off the wool of sheep instead of shearing them; _roose_, to praise; _roost_, _roust_, a strong sea-current, a race.
_Sark_, a shirt; _scarf_, a cormorant; _scopperil_, a teetotum; _score_, a gangway down to the sea-shore; _screes_, rough stones on a steep mountain-side, really for _screethes_ (the _th_ being omitted as in _clothes_), from Old Norse _skri{dh}a_, a land-slip on a hill-side; _scut_, a rabbit's tail; _seave_, a rush; _sike_, a small rill, gutter; _sile_, a young herring; _skeel_, a wooden pail; _skep_, a basket, a measure; _skift_, to shift, remove, flit; _skrike_, to shriek; _slocken_, to slake, quench; _slop_, a loose outer garment; _snag_, a projecting end, a stump of a tree; _soa_, a large round tub; _spae_, to foretell, to prophesy; _spean_, a teat, (as a verb) to wean; _spelk_, a splinter, thin piece of wood; _steg_, a gander; _storken_, to congeal; _swale_, a shady place; _tang_, the prong of a fork, a tongue of land; _tarn_, a mountain pool; _tath_, manure, _tathe_, to manure; _ted_, to spread hay; _theak_, to thatch; _thoft_, a cross-bench in a boat; _thrave_, twenty-four sheaves, or a certain measure of corn; _tit_, a wren; _titling_, a sparrow; _toft_, a homestead, an old enclosure, low hill; _udal_, a particular tenure of land; _ug_, to loathe; _wadmel_, a species of coarse cloth; _wake_, a portion of open water in a frozen lake or stream; _wale_, to choose; _wase_, a wisp or small bundle of hay or straw; _whauve_, to cover over, especially with a dish turned upside down; _wick_, a creek, bay; _wick_, a corner, angle.
Another source of foreign supply to the vocabulary of the dialects is French; a circumstance which seems hitherto to have been almost entirely ignored.

The opinion has, I think, been expressed more than once, that dialects are almost, if not altogether, free from French influence.

Some, however, have called attention, perhaps too much attention, to the French words found in Lowland Scotch; and it is common to adduce always the same set of examples, such as _ashet_, a dish (F._assiette_, a trencher, plate: Cotgrave), _gigot_, a leg of mutton, and _petticoat-tails_, certain cakes baked with butter (ingeniously altered from _petits gastels_, old form of _petits gateaux_), by way of illustration.