Polish society, which had long harbored unfriendly sentiments against the Jews, became more and more permeated with anti-Semitic bias, and this bias found tangible expression during the insurrection of 1830-1831.
[Footnote 1: The book of a famous anti-Semitic writer who lived in Germany in the seventeenth century.

_Entdecktes Judentum_, the book referred to in the text, appeared in 1700.] 4.

THE JEWS AND THE POLISH INSURRECTION OF 1831 When, under the effect of the July revolution in Paris, the "November insurrection" of 1830 broke out in Warsaw, it put on its mettle that section of Polish Jewry who hoped to improve the Jewish lot by their patriotic ardor.

In the month of December one of the "Old Testament believers," Stanislav Hernish, [1] addressed himself to the Polish dictator, Khlopitzki, in the name of a group of Jewish youths, assuring him of their eagerness to form a special detachment of volunteers to help in the common task of liberating their fatherland.

The dictator replied that, inasmuch as the Jews had no civil rights, they could not be permitted to serve in the army.