AMERICAN AND PALESTINIAN EMIGRATION As for the emigration movement, which had begun during the storm and stress of the first pogrom year, this passive but only effective protest against the new Egyptian oppression proceeded at a slow pace.

The Jewish emigration from Russia to the United States served as a barometer of the persecutions endured by the Jews in the land of bondage.

During the first three years of the eighties the new movement showed violent fluctuations.

In 1881 there were 8193 emigrants; in 1882, 17,497; in 1883, 6907.

During the following three years, from 1884 to 1886, the movement remained practically on the same level, counting 15,000 to 17,000 emigrants annually.