The early days of July marked the inauguration of the second series of riots, the so-called summer pogroms.
The new conflagration started in the city of Pereyaslav, in the government of Poltava, which had not yet discarded its anti-Jewish Cossack traditions.

[1] Pereyaslav at that time harbored many fugitives from Kiev, who had escaped from the spring pogroms in that city.

The increase in the Jewish population of Pereyaslav was evidently displeasing to the local Christian inhabitants.

Four hundred and twenty Christian burghers of Pereyaslav, avowed believers in the Gospels which enjoin Christians to love those that suffer, passed a resolution calling for the expulsion of the Jews from their city, and, in anticipation of this legalized violence, they decided to teach the Jews a "lesson" on their own responsibility.

On June 30 and July 1, Pereyaslav was the scene of a pogrom, marked by all the paraphernalia of the Russian ritual, though unaccompanied this time by human sacrifices.