Nevertheless, the champions of "The People's Freedom" continued for some time to justify theoretically the utilization of the anti-Jewish movement for the aims of the general social revolution.

Only at a later stage did this section of the revolutionary party realize that these tactics were not only mistaken but also criminal.

For events soon made it clear that the anti-Jewish movement served as an unfailing device in the hands of the black reactionaries to divert the popular wrath from the source of all evil--the rule of despotism--and direct it towards the most unfortunate victims of that despotism.
5.

THE POGROM AT WARSAW When the July pogroms were over, it seemed as if the pogrom epidemic had died out, and no one expected that it would soon break out afresh.

The greater was the surprise when, in December, 1881, the news spread that a pogrom, lasting three days, had taken, place in the capital of the Kingdom of Poland, in Warsaw.