I, p.

317.] In 1829 the whip of expulsion cracked over the backs of the Jews dwelling on the shores of the Baltic and the Black Sea.

In Courland and Livonia measures were taken "looking to the reduction of the number of Jews" which had been considerably swelled by the influx of "newcomers"-- of Jews not born in those provinces and therefore having no right to settle there.

The Tzar endorsed the proposal of the "Jewish Committee" to transfer from Courland all Jews not born there into the cities in which their birth was registered.

Those not yet registered in a municipality outside the province were granted a half-year's respite for that purpose.