And so, a year or two after the narrow escape of Dr.Kane, the surgeon of his expedition, Dr.Isaac I.
Hayes, was hard at work fitting out an expedition of which he was to be commander, to return to Baffin's Bay and Smith sound, and if possible, fight its way into that open sea, which Dr.Hayes long contended surrounded the North Pole.

No man in the Kane expedition had encountered greater perils, or withstood more cruel suffering than Dr.Hayes.A boat trip which he made in search of succor, has passed into Arctic history as one of the most desperate expedients ever adopted by starving men.

But at the first opportunity he returned again to the scenes of his peril and his pain.

His expedition, though conducted with spirit and determination, was not of great scientific value, as he was greatly handicapped in his observations by the death of his astronomer, who slipped through thin ice into the sea, and froze to death in his water-soaked garments.
[Illustration: "THE TREACHEROUS ICE-PACK"] A most extraordinary record of daring and suffering in Arctic exploration was made by Charles F.Hall, to whom I have already referred.

Beginning life as an engraver in Cincinnati, he became engrossed in the study of Arctic problems, as the result of reading the stories of the early navigators.