In many cases these maps were roughly constructed under non-professional supervision, but in many districts they have been prepared by the cadastral branch of the Survey Department.

The difficulty mentioned by the author has been severely felt, and it constantly happens that beautiful maps become useless in four or five years.

Efforts are made to insert annual corrections in copies of the maps through the agency of the village accountants, and the 'kanungos', or officers who supervise them, but the task is an enormous one, and only partial success is attained.

In addition to the maps, records of great bulk are annually prepared which give the most minute details about every holding and each field.
9.

The Permanent Settlement of Bengal, effected under the orders of Lord Cornwallis in 1793, was soon afterwards extended to the province of Benares, now included in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh.
Illusory provisions were made to protect the rights of tenants, but nothing at all effectual was done till the passing of Act x of 1859, which has been largely modified by later legislation.
10.