But he lacked the keen decision and broad views of Gian Galeazzo.

He vacillated in policy and kept planning plots which seemed to have no object but his own disadvantage.

Excess of caution made him surround the captains of his troops with spies, and check them at the moment when he feared they might become too powerful.

This want of confidence neutralized the advantage which he might have gained by his choice of fitting instruments.

Thus his selection of Francesco Sforza for his general against the Venetians in 1431 was a wise one.