The result is the appearance of movement effects which do not correspond to an objective motion.

The impression of backward movement can arise from forward motions, quick movement from slow, complete rest from combinations of movements.

For the first time the impression of movement was synthetically produced from different elements.

For those who fancy that the "new psychology" with its experimental analysis of psychological experiences began only in the second half of the nineteenth century or perhaps even with the foundation of the psychological laboratories, it might be enlightening to study those discussions of the early thirties.
The next step leads us much further.

In the fall of 1832 Stampfer in Germany and Plateau in France, independent of each other, at the same time designed a device by which pictures of objects in various phases of movement give the impression of continued motion.