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CONTINENTS AND THEIR PENINSULAS.
Insularity of the land-masses--Classification of land-masses according to size and location--Effect of the size of land-masses--Independence due to location versus independence due to size--Continental convergence and ethnic kinship--Africa's location--The Atlantic abyss--Geographical character of the Pacific--Pacific affinities of North America--The Atlantic face of America as the infant Orient of the world--The Atlantic abyss in the movements of peoples--Races and continents--Contrast of the northern and southern continents--Effects of continental structure upon historical development--Structure of North and South America--Cultural superiority of Pacific slope Indians--Coast articulations of continents--Importance of size in continental articulations--Peninsular conditions most favorable to historical development--The continental base of peninsulas--Continental base a zone of transition--Continental base the scene of invasion and war--Peninsular extremities as areas of isolation--Ethnic unity of peninsulas--Peninsulas as intermediaries..