CHAPTER PAGE.
CHAPTER I DEFINITION OF DISEASE .-- CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING MATTER .-- CELLS AS THE LIVING UNITS .-- AMOEBA AS TYPE OF A UNICELLULAR ANIMAL .-- THE RELATION OF LIVING MATTER TO ENVIRONMENT .-- CAPACITY OF ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENT SHOWN BY LIVING MATTER .-- INDIVIDUALITY OF LIVING MATTER .-- THE CAUSES OF DISEASE EXTRINSIC .-- THE RELATION OF THE HUMAN BODY TO THE ENVIRONMENT .-- THE SURFACES OF THE BODY .-- THE INCREASE OF SURFACE BY GLAND FORMATION .-- THE REAL INTERIOR OF THE BODY REPRESENTED BY THE VARIOUS STRUCTURES PLACED BETWEEN THE SURFACES .-- THE FLUIDS OF THE BODY .-- THE NERVOUS SYSTEM .-- THE HEART AND BLOOD-VESSELS .-- THE CELLS OF THE BLOOD .-- THE DUCTLESS GLANDS 9 CHAPTER II NO SHARP LINE OF DEMARCATION BETWEEN HEALTH AND DISEASE .-- THE FUNCTIONAL NUTRITIVE AND FORMATIVE ACTIVITIES OF CELLS .-- DESTRUCTION AND REPAIR CONSTANT PROCESSES IN LIVING MATTER .-- INJURIES TO THE BODY .-- THE EFFECT OF HEAT .-- THE ACTION OF POISONS .-- THE LESIONS OF DISEASE .-- REPAIR .-- THE LAWS GOVERNING REPAIR .-- RELATION OF REPAIR TO COMPLEXITY OF STRUCTURE AND AGE .-- THE RESERVE FORCE OF THE BODY .-- COMPENSATORY PROCESSES IN THE BODY .-- OLD AGE .-- THE DIMINUTION OF RESISTANCE TO THE EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT A PROMINENT FACTOR IN OLD AGE .-- DEATH .-- HOW BROUGHT ABOUT .-- CHANGES IN THE BODY AFTER DEATH .-- THE RECOGNITION OF DEATH 40 CHAPTER III THE GROWTH OF THE BODY .-- GROWTH MORE RAPID IN EMBRYONIC PERIOD .-- THE COOeRDINATION AND REGULATION OF GROWTH .-- TUMORS .-- THE GROWTH OF TUMORS COMPARED WITH NORMAL GROWTH .-- SIZE.

SHAPE AND STRUCTURE OF TUMORS .-- THE GROWTH CAPACITY OF TUMORS AS SHOWN BY THE INOCULATION OF TUMORS OF MICE .-- BENIGN AND MALIGNANT TUMORS .-- EFFECT OF INHERITANCE .-- ARE TUMORS BECOMING MORE FREQUENT ?--THE EFFECT PRODUCED BY A TUMOR ON THE INDIVIDUAL WHO BEARS IT .-- RELATION OF TUMORS TO AGE AND SEX .-- THEORIES AS TO THE CAUSE OF TUMORS .-- THE PARASITIC THEORY .-- THE TRAUMATIC THEORY .-- THE EMBRYONIC THEORY .-- THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EARLY RECOGNITION AND REMOVAL OF TUMORS 62 CHAPTER IV THE REACTIONS OF THE TISSUES OF THE BODY TO INJURIES .-- INFLAMMATION .-- THE CHANGES IN THE BLOOD IN THIS .-- THE LMIGRATION OF THE CORPUSCLES OF THE BLOOD .-- THE EVIDENT CHANGES IN THE INJURED PART AND THE MANNER IN WHICH THESE ARE PRODUCED .-- HEAT REDNESS SWELLING AND PAIN .-- THE PRODUCTION OF BLISTERS BY SUNBURN .-- THE CHANGES IN THE CELLS OF AN INJURED PART .-- THE CELLS WHICH MIGRATE FROM THE BLOOD VESSELS ACT AS PHAGOCYTES .-- THE MACROPHAGES .-- THE MICROPHAGES .-- CHEMOTROPISM .-- THE HEALING OF INFLAMMATION .-- THE REMOVAL OF THE CAUSE .-- CELL REPAIR AND NEW FORMATION .-- NEW FORMATION OF BLOOD VESSELS .-- ACUTE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION .-- THE APPARENTLY PURPOSEFUL CHARACTER OF THE CHANGES IN INFLAMMATION 79 CHAPTER V INFECTIOUS DISEASES .-- THE HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE OF EPIDEMICS OF DISEASE .-- THE LOSSES IN BATTLE CONTRASTED WITH THE LOSSES IN ARMIES PRODUCED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASES .-- THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF EPIDEMICS .-- THE VIEWS OF HIPPOCRATES AND ARISTOTLE .-- SPORADIC AND EPIDEMIC DISEASES .-- THE THEORY OF THE EPIDEMIC CONSTITUTION .-- THEORY THAT THE CONTAGIOUS MATERIAL IS LIVING .-- THE DISCOVERY OF BACTERIA BY LOEWENHOECK IN 1675 .-- THE RELATION OF CONTAGION TO THE THEORY OF SPONTANEOUS GENERATION .-- NEEDHAM AND SPALLANZANI .-- THE DISCOVERY OF THE COMPOUND MICROSCOPE IN 1605 .-- THE PROOF THAT A LIVING ORGANISM IS THE CAUSE OF A DISEASE .-- ANTHRAX .-- THE DISCOVERY OF THE ANTHRAX BACILLUS IN 1851 .-- THE CULTIVATION OF THE BACILLUS BY KOCH .-- THE MODE OF INFECTION .-- THE WORK OF PASTEUR ON ANTHRAX .-- THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DISEASE 97 CHAPTER VI CLASSIFICATION OF THE ORGANISMS WHICH CAUSE DISEASE .-- BACTERIA SIZE SHAPE STRUCTURE CAPACITY FOR GROWTH MULTIPLICATION AND SPORE INFORMATION .-- THE ARTIFICIAL CULTIVATION OF BACTERIA .-- THE IMPORTANCE OF BACTERIA IN NATURE .-- VARIATIONS IN BACTERIA .-- SAPROPHYTIC AND PARASITIC FORMS .-- PROTOZOA .-- STRUCTURE MORE COMPLICATED THAN THAT OF BACTERIA .-- DISTRIBUTION IN NATURE .-- GROWTH AND MULTIPLICATION .-- CONJUGATION AND SEXUAL REPRODUCTION .-- SPORE FORMATION .-- THE NECESSITY FOR A FLUID ENVIRONMENT .-- THE FOOD OF PROTOZOA .-- PARASITISM .-- THE ULTRA MICROSCOPIC OR FILTERABLE ORGANISMS .-- THE LIMITATION OF THE MICROSCOPIC .-- PORCELAIN FILTERS TO SEPARATE ORGANISMS FROM A FLUID .-- FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE PRODUCED BY AN ULTRA MICROSCOPIC ORGANISM .-- OTHER DISEASES SO PRODUCED .-- DO NEW DISEASES APPEAR?
116 CHAPTER VII THE NATURE OF INFECTION .-- THE INVASION OF THE BODY FROM ITS SURFACES .-- THE PROTECTION OF THESE SURFACES .-- CAN BACTERIA PASS THROUGH AN UNINJURED SURFACE?
.-- INFECTION FROM WOUNDS .-- THE WOUNDS IN MODERN WARFARE LESS PRONE TO INFECTION .-- THE RELATION OF TETANUS TO WOUNDS CAUSED BY THE TOY PISTOL .-- THE PRIMARY FOCUS OR ATRIUM OF INFECTION .-- THE DISSEMINATION OF BACTERIA IN THE BODY .-- THE DIFFERENT DEGREES OF RESISTANCE TO BACTERIA SHOWN BY THE VARIOUS ORGANS .-- MODE OF ACTION OF BACTERIA .-- TOXIN PRODUCTION .-- THE RESISTANCE OF THE BODY TO BACTERIA .-- CONFLICT BETWEEN PARASITE AND HOST .-- ON BOTH SIDES MEANS OF OFFENSE AND DEFENSE .-- PHAGOCYTOSIS .-- THE DESTRUCTION OF BACTERIA BY THE BLOOD .-- THE TOXIC BACTERIAL DISEASES .-- TOXIN AND ANTITOXIN .-- IMMUNITY .-- THE THEORY OF EHRLICH 135 CHAPTER VIII SECONDARY TERMINAL AND MIXED INFECTIONS .-- THE EXTENSION OF INFECTION IN THE INDIVIDUAL .-- TUBERCULOSIS .-- THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS .-- FREQUENCY OF THE DISEASE .-- THE PRIMARY FOCI .-- THE EXTENSION OF BACILLI .-- THE DISCHARGE OF BACILLI FROM THE BODY .-- INFLUENCE OF THE SEAT OF DISEASE ON THE DISCHARGE OF BACILLI .-- THE INTESTINAL DISEASES .-- MODES OF INFECTION .-- INFECTION BY SPUTUM SPRAY .-- INFECTION OF WATER SUPPLIES .-- EXTENSION OF INFECTION BY INSECTS .-- TRYPANASOME DISEASES .-- SLEEPING SICKNESS .-- MALARIA .-- THE PART PLAYED BY MOSQUITOES .-- PARASITISM IN THE MOSQUITO .-- INFECTION AS INFLUENCED BY HABITS AND CUSTOMS .-- HOOKWORM DISEASE .-- INTERRELATION BETWEEN HUMAN AND ANIMAL DISEASES .-- PLAGUE .-- PART PLAYED RATS IN TRANSMISSION .-- THE PRESENT EPIDEMIC OF PLAGUE 159 CHAPTER IX DISEASE CARRIERS .-- THE RELATION BETWEEN SPORADIC CASES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND EPIDEMICS .-- SMALLPOX .-- CEREBROSPINAL MENINGITIS .-- POLYOMYELITIS .-- VARIATION IN THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF INDIVIDUALS .-- CONDITIONS WHICH MAY INFLUENCE SUSCEPTIBILITY .-- RACIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY .-- INFLUENCE OF AGE AND SEX .-- OCCUPATION AND ENVIRONMENT .-- THE AGE PERIOD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 185 CHAPTER X INHERITANCE AS A FACTOR IN DISEASE .-- THE PROCESS OF CELL MULTIPLICATION .-- THE SEXUAL CELLS DIFFER FROM THE OTHER CELLS OF THE BODY .-- INFECTION OF THE OVUM .-- INTRAUTERINE INFECTION .-- THE PLACENTA AS A BARRIER TO INFECTION .-- VARIATIONS AND MUTATIONS .-- THE INHERITANCE OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISEASE .-- THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOLISM IN THE PARENTS ON THE DESCENDANTS .-- THE HEREDITY OF NERVOUS DISEASES .-- TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE BY THE FEMALE ONLY .-- HEMOPHILIA .-- THE INHERITANCE OF MALFORMATIONS .-- THE CAUSES OF MALFORMATIONS .-- MATERNAL IMPRESSIONS HAVE NO INFLUENCE .-- EUGENICS 197 CHAPTER XI CHRONIC DISEASES .-- DISEASE OF THE HEART AS AN EXAMPLE .-- THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HEART .-- THE ACTION OF THE VALVES .-- THE PRODUCTION OF HEART DISEASE BY INFECTION .-- THE CONDITIONS PRODUCED IN THE VALVES .-- THE MANNER IN WHICH DISEASE OF THE VALVES INTERFERES WITH THEIR FUNCTION,--THE COMPENSATION OF INJURY BY INCREASED ACTION OF HEART .-- THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE HEART .-- THE RESULT OF IMPERFECT WORK OF THE HEART .-- VENOUS CONGESTION .-- DROPSY .-- CHRONIC DISEASE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM .-- INSANITY .-- RELATION BETWEEN INSANITY AND CRIMINALITY .-- ALCOHOLISM AND SYPHILIS FREQUENT CAUSES OF INSANITY .-- THE DIRECT AND INDIRECT CAUSES OF NERVOUS DISEASES .-- THE RELATION BETWEEN SOCIAL LIFE AND NERVOUS DISEASES .-- FUNCTIONAL AND ORGANIC DISEASE .-- NEURASTHENIA 219 CHAPTER XII THE RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE IN THE LAST FIFTY YEARS .-- THE INFLUENCE OF DARWIN .-- PREVENTIVE MEDICINE .-- THE DISSEMINATION OF MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE .-- THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONDITIONS IN RECENT YEARS WHICH ACT AS FACTORS OF DISEASE .-- FACTORY LIFE .-- URBAN LIFE .-- THE INCREASE OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PEOPLES .-- THE INTRODUCTION OF PLANT PARASITES .-- THE INCREASE IN ASYLUM LIFE .-- INFANT MORTALITY .-- WEALTH AND POVERTY AS FACTORS IN DISEASE 241 GLOSSARY 250 INDEX 252 DISEASE AND ITS CAUSES.