49);[17] but since the Upanishads and Ved[=a]nta are expressly mentioned, it is evident that the author of even the oldest S[=u]tra was acquainted with whatever then corresponded to these works.[18] The opposed teaching of hell versus _sams[=a]ra_ is found in Gautama.

But there is rather an interesting attempt to unite them.

Ordinarily it is to hell and heaven that reference is made, _e.g_., 'the one that knows the law obtains the heavenly world' (28.

52); 'if one speak untruth to a teacher, even in thought, even in respect to little things, he slays seven men after and before him' (seven descendants and seven ancestors, 23.

31).