Nor, of course, could Louis XIV.

and Mazarin do otherwise now than treat the Protectoratist cause as extinct, and re-instruct M.de Bordeaux accordingly.

He received credentials as Ambassador from France to the new Government.[1] [Footnote 1: Thurloe, VII.

669-671, and 683-684; Letters of M.de Bordeaux, in Guizot, I.409-413; Commons Journals, June 13 and July 2, 1659.] The Cromwellians or Protectoratists being thus no longer a party militant, the struggle was to be a direct one between the Bumpers and the cause of Charles II.

Here, however, one has to note a most extraordinary phenomenon.